BENEFITS OF RUBBER

1. Benefits of natural rubber
Natural rubber is widely used in industrial-goods industry. Generally the tools are made from natural rubber are very useful for everyday life and in business industries such as machinery mover.
Goods that can be made from natural rubber, among others, various vehicle tire (of bicycles, motorcycles, cars, tractors, airplanes up), sneakers, belt drive machines large and small machines, rubber tubing, wires, insulators, and metal packaging materials .
Rubber raw materials used to make accessories such as bulkhead or prisoner-tool holder interface and vibration, such as shock absorbers. Rubber can also be used to arrest the engine cradle. Use a layer of rubber on the doors, glass doors, windshield, and the other tools make the door firmly and vibration resistant and impermeable to water. In making the bridge as the vibrations are also used rubber backing.
Rubber material reinforced with threads so it is quite strong, elastic, and no noise of a noisy fan belt can be worn as machinery, oil pipe connections, water pipes, air pipes, and other kinds of oil seals many also use a rubber raw material , although there are now using plastic materials.
The buildings of more and more use of rubber materials. Parts of the room or equipment contained in it a lot made of this material. Of rubber floor mats can be formed by a variety of attractive colors and designs.
Mines the processing of iron ore and coal using a very long belt for transport. This belt was made of rubber. Manufacturers also use different kinds of belts for power transmission belt, transporting the results, and other purposes.
Tools such as household and office chairs, glue stuff, water hoses, foam mattresses, as well as stationery to write like a rubber eraser to use rubber as material services. Some sports equipment such as a variety of ball games and equipment also uses a rubber material.
Equipment and vehicles of war was a lot of parts made from rubber, such as fighter aircraft, tanks, armored-plated steel, large trucks, and jeeps. Thus, indirectly rubber made a large contribution in the security and defense of a country. No wonder that many governments are stockpiling natural rubber (strategic stock pile) as happened in some developed countries.
As a deterrent abrasions or damage to the skin and nails of livestock due to the hard cement floor then the floor mats are made from rubber and are now widely used in large farms. Of this rubber floor mats are easy to clean and quite healthy livestock such as cows or buffaloes.

2. Benefits of synthetic rubber
Because it has some advantages not possessed by natural rubber, then in the manufacture of some types of goods are widely used synthetic rubber raw materials.
Type NBR (Butadiene Rubber Nytrile) which memiiiki high resistance to common oils used in the manufacture of hoses for gasoline and oil, membranes, seals, gaskets, and other items of equipment that is widely used for motor vehicles or gas industry.
Type CR (Chloroprene Rubber) are resistant to open flames are widely used in the manufacture of rubber tubing, wire wrapping, seals, gaskets, and belt carriers. Adhesives are sometimes made by using a particular type of CR.
Resistant properties of the gas which is owned by the IIR type can be used for the manufacture of motor vehicle tires, also sanitary electric wire, and coating the inside of the fat or oil storage tanks. This type of EPR can also be utilized for the manufacture of electrical cables.
In fact the benefits of rubber to human life far more than has been described above. Rubber has a major influence on the field of transportation, communications, industry, education, health, entertainment, and many other areas of life that are vital to human life. Indirect benefits too much can be gained from items made of rubber material.

Crumb Rubber Production Process

 

Crumb rubber is processed rubber material (bokar) are processed through the stages peremahan.The material itself is processed rubber latex latex garden gardens and clumps obtained from rubber trees.Garden is a liquid latex sap obtained from tapping rubber trees field. This fluid is not experienced either by additional clumping or without pemantap materials.
Raw materials derived from the latex is processed into coagulum and of the lump. Raw materialsThe most dominant is because the processing of crumb rubber lump aims toraise the degree of low quality raw materials into products of higher quality. Stageprocessing include:1. PeremahanBefore undergoing a process of peremahan, bokar cut and washed to remove impurities which mixed in bokar. After it is processed into blankets, which is a sheet with a length of 7-9 m thick, 5-7 mm. This is still wet blanket dried the fastest 10 days to produce a dry blanket. Dry blanket this is further processed into crumb rubber (granula) in diameter (± 5 mm) through the process peremahan in the granulator.Peremahan aims to get the crumbs that are ready to be dried. Propertiesproduced by peremahan is dried so easy to achieve production capacityhigher and the maturity of a perfect crumb.2. DryingDry blanket that has undergone subsequent granula peremahan be dried in the dryer for 3 hours.Entered into the dryer box 12 minutes at a dryer, the dryer temperature to 122oC and 110oC blanket for the WF. Product temperature out of the dryer (rubber temperature before weighing) below 40oC. Drying aims to reduce levels of water to keep it safe limits of insect attacks as well as microbiological, enzymatic and hydraulic. In the drying of factors that could memepengaruhi result is the length of completion, crumbs altitude, temperature and drying time.3. PressingPressing the bale-bale formation of dry rubber crumb. The materials out of the dryer and then weighed 35kg/bandela to be packaged in SW and 33.5 kg / bale for packaging.After that product by using a press machine pressed bale. The size of the presses 60 x 30 x 17 cm.4. Packaging and PackagingThe packaging is intended to avoid absorption of moisture from the environment and free of other contaminants. After the pressed product, then stored on the aluminum table for sorting by using pengutip. After that the product is wrapped with 0.03 mm thick transparent plastic and the melting point of 108 oC. Bale that has been wrapped, then put in containers with interlocking arrangement.

OTHER USE RUBBER PLANT

In addition to latex can be taken as raw material for the manufacture of various goods of human purposes, the actual rubber still has other benefits. These benefits, although just a sideline, but gave no small profit to the owners of rubber plantations.
Another byproduct of the rubber which gives the advantage is rubber wood or tree trunks.Usually old rubber plant that need to be rejuvenated and replaced with young plants that are still fresh and comes from a more productive clones. Old plants are harvested can be utilized trunk or timber.
Productive period of the rubber plants usually decreases after age 25 years. During this period the rubber can be cut down and replanted. Since the number of plants that are old enough rubber in Indonesia, then the amount of rubber wood obtained not less. In fact, in the year 1985/1986 rubber wood business had triumphed in Indonesia. .
It is in supporting the smooth rubber wood business is a vigorous campaign of wood preservation of tropical forests. Forest trees that can be harvested more years of getting less. As a result, the material is reduced so that the wood furniture industry which is usually only as a rubber substitute materials has now become the main ingredient.Because the price is cheaper than other types of wood, then the market demand for rubber wood is quite high, however, the supply of rubber wood is still stuck in a pattern that depends on the provision of old rubber plant area or area to be replaced with new clones.

Types of Rubber and Benefits

Currently used in industrial rubber comprises natural rubber and synthetic rubber. Use of synthetic rubber in number is higher than natural rubber. Synthetic rubber has advantages such as resistance to various chemicals and their prices tend to remain stable. In terms of procurement, synthetic rubber rarely have difficulty sending or supply of goods.


A. DIFFERENCES WITH NATURAL RUBBER SYNTHETIC RUBBERAlthough the present amount of natural rubber production and consumption is far below the synthetic rubber or artificial rubber factory, but in fact the natural rubber can not be replaced by synthetic rubber. However, the advantages of natural rubber is difficult matched by synthetic rubber.As for the advantages possessed of natural rubber than synthetic rubber is■ have the elastic or resilient perfect,■ have a good plasticity so that its processing easier,■ have a high wear power,■ not easy to heat (low heat build up), and■ have a high resistance to cracking (groove crocking resistance).
However, synthetic rubber has advantages such as resistance to various chemicals and the price is likely to be maintained in order to remain stable. If a party wants a certain amount of synthetic rubber in the usual transmission or supply of goods is seldom difficult. Things like this can hardly be expected from natural rubber. Price and supply of natural rubber is always changing, sometimes even turbulent. Prices could fall dramatically to the detriment of the market and worried about their producers.Sometimes for some reason like keluamya government regulations on producing countries that want a certain condition of the rubber industry in the country, it will affect the international market. A political wisdom whether it be from employers or government memilikj considerable influence on the business of natural rubber are widely.Although it has some drawbacks in light of the chemical or its business, but according to some experts, natural rubber still has a good market share. Some specific industries still have a large dependence on the supply of natural rubber, for example, the tire industry is the largest user of natural rubber.Several types of tires such as radial tires, although its production is mixed with synthetic rubber, but the amount of natural rubber that is used remains large, which is twice that of natural rubber components for the manufacture of nonradial tires. The types of tires are less good when synthetic rubber material which contains more. The portion of natural rubber needed for large-sized tires are much bigger. In fact, almost all raw materials aircraft tires are made from natural rubber.Today the total production of natural rubber from synthetic rubber is 1: 2. Although the amount of natural rubber production is lower, even just half of the production of synthetic rubber, but the actual amount of production and consumption of both types of rubber are almost the same.

Natural Rubber

Basically the rubber can be derived from the natural sap of rubber trees(Or known as latex), as well as the production of human (synthetic). When the rubber trees were injured, then the sap produced will be much more. The main source of latex rubber is the rubber tree Hevea brasiliensis (Euphorbiaceae). Currently Asia is becoming a source of natural rubber. Rubber beginning to live only in South America, but now has been successfully developed in Southeast Asia. The presence of rubberin Southeast Asia thanks to the services of Henry Wickham. This time, Asian countries produce 93% of natural rubber production, which is Thailand's largest, followed by Indonesia, and Malaysia.Rubber has been used since long for a variety of purposes such as rubber balls, pencil erasers, waterproof clothes, etc..When Christopher Columbus and his entourage discovered America in 1476, they were amazed to see the ball played by the Indians who can rebound when dropped to the ground. This is where history begins rubber, new in 1530 but there is a written report on Gummi optimum, as Pietro Martire d'Anghiera for rubber. Tahn In 1535, historian of the Indians, Captain Gonzale Fernandez de Oveida wrote that he saw the two teams the Indians are playing ball. The ball was made from a mixture of roots, wood, and grass, mixed with a material (latex) and then heated above the bed and rounded like a ball.Indian Oran ball can bounce the ball higher than the general made the Europeans at that time. Oviedo says that when the Indians made balls were dropped, the ball can bounce higher and then fall, then rise again, although somewhat lower than the first bounce, and so on.In 1615 a writer, F.J. Torquemada Mexico reported that the Indians made waterproof boots made from latex or rubber. Spanish troops are also reported to apply latex to coat them, becomes waterproof when it rains, but in summer becomes sticky.Although many interesting stories about these materials, an investigation by scientists only began in 1731. When the French Academy sent C.M. de la Condamine to South America. Fresnau a French expert reported that many plants that can produce latex or rubber, of which type of Hevea brasiliensis, which grows in the Amazon rainforest in Brazil is now the major rubber-producing plants and has been cultivated in Southeast Asia which became a major rubber producer in the world today .In 1770, the English chemist, Joseph Priestly, reported that the rubber can removes pencil marks. In 1775 the rubber began to be used as a pencil eraser and be writing in the British rubber was called by the name of rubber (from to rub). Before that, people use bread crumbs to remove pencil marks.Rubber goods produced at that time has always been stiff in winter and sticky in summer. Many experiments have been done to get the properties of rubber are not affected by weather. 

Processed Rubber Products for Commercial

Potential of 1.1 million tons of fiber annually untapped, even in some areas are still considered as waste. Coconut coir fibers are very resilient and water resistant so widely used as a doormat and mine. Coconut coir fiber is also resistant broken and quite flexible when exposed to pressure and bending over, so widely used for coating the top of a mattress springs and upholstery in cars. The use of coconut coir fiber as a coating or pads, in which each of coir fiber arranged straight or crossed, often problems arise that is easy to decompose the pile fibers and the flexible nature of diminished or lost.Bogor BPTK successfully overcome by fiber crimp and coat the surface with a thin layer of rubber to stabilize the form, adds toughness, and increase flexibility in coir fiber pile.
 Alsin capacity to produce sebutret vary, depending on the shape sebutret. For example, to produce sebutret seat shape, seat capacity mencapai12 measuring 56 cm x 56 cm x 13 cm per day (8 hours of effective work) or 3600 seats / year (1 year = 300 working days).Production costs estimated at about Rp103 million / year. With a selling price of the seat Rp53.000/buah, revenues reached Rp190 million. Revenues can be increased by adding hours of work or production capacity.

Rubber Cultivation Technology

To build the necessary rubber plantation management and technology cultivation of rubber covering, the following activities: • Terms grow rubber plants • recommendation rubber clones • planting material / seeds • Preparation of the planting and cultivation • Maintenance of crop: weed control, fertilizing and disease control • Tapping / harvest
Basically the rubber plants require the terms of the climatic conditions to support growth and soil conditions as the growth medium.
a. Climate Areas suitable for growing rubber is in the zone between 150 and LS 150 LU. Beyond that somewhat hampered the growth of rubber plants that started production too late. Rainfall Rubber plants require optimum rainfall between 2,500 mm to 4,000 mm / year, with rainy days ranges from 100 to. 150 HH / year. However, if the frequent rain in the morning, the production will be reduced. High places Basically the rubber plants grow optimally in the lowlands with an altitude of 200 m above sea level. Altitude> 600 m from the sea surface is not suitable for growing rubber trees. Optimum temperature required ranges from 25C to 35C. Wind Wind speed is too fast in general are not good for rubber cultivation Ground Dry land for growing rubber plants in general require more physical properties of soil as compared to its chemical properties. Different types of soil can be in accordance with the terms grow rubber plants either young and old volcanic soil, even on peat soils <2 m. Volcanic soil has a fairly good physical properties, especially the structure, texture, sulum, depth of soil water, aeration and drainage, but its chemical properties in general less well because of low haranya content. Alluvial soil is usually quite fertile, but the physical properties, especially drainage and aerasenya poorly. Soil reaction ranges from pH 3, 0 - pH 8.0 but does not fit at pH <3.0 and> pH 8.0.